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Stigmatoteuthis arcturi: Description continued

Richard E. Young and Michael Vecchione
  1. Arms and Web
    1. Length 220-290% of ML; formula II=III=IV>I except in late mature males where arms I are longest.
    2. Arm sucker rings with about 6-14 rounded or truncate teeth on distal and lateral margins, except in mature males where teeth are sharply pointed.
    3. Inner web virtually absent, outer web 3-8% length of longest arm.

  2. Tentacles
    1. Club with suckers in 5-7 irregular rows on manus. Median suckers greatly enlarged, more than 4 times size of minute marginal suckers.
    2. Median, enlarged manus suckers with about 50-60 sharp, pointed teeth around entire margins.
      Click on an image to view larger version & data in a new window
      Click on an image to view larger version & data in a new window

      Figure. Oral view of the tentacular club of S. arcturi. Photograph by R. Young.

  3. Buccal crown
    1. Buccal crown with 7 supports.

  4. Funnel organ
    1. Dorsal pad with strong, median ridge on each lateral arm, expanding posteriorly into broad flaps.

  5. Mantle and Skin
    1. Mantle skin and skin elsewhere covered with low, fleshy pads, giving overall rough appearance in large squid.
    2. Tubercules absent.

  6. Fins
    1. Length 30-40% of ML; width 50-70% of ML.

  7. Photophores
    1. Compound photophores of large, uniform size on anterior 1/3 of ventral mantle.
    2. Compound photophores number usually 17 (rarely 16) around right eyelid.
    3. Arms IV with 3 longitudinal series on arm base.

  8. Reproductive system
    1. Males with paired genitalia and spermatophore organs.
    2. Spermatophores
      1. Length 5-6.1% of ML; sperm mass 35-46% of spermatophore length (SpL), cement body 10-21% of SpL, ejaculatory apparatus 34-49% of SpL with numerous loops.
        Click on an image to view larger version & data in a new window
        Click on an image to view larger version & data in a new window

        Figure. Spermatophore of S. arcturi, 72 mm ML, 28° 58'N, 88° 37'W. Top - Enlargement of the ejaculatory apparatus from the lower drawing. Drawings from Voss et al., 1998.

    3. Hectocotylus
      1. Mature males with each arm I modified as hectocotylus. Median 1/3-1/2 with greatly increased thickness, greatly expanded with large aboral keels and high protective membranes. Dorsal surfaces smooth, ventral surfaces papillated (see below). Distal half with pedicels of small suckers elongated to form palisades along arm margins. Only suckers on midportions of arms show noticeable enlargement.
      2. Ventral surface of modified arm I (hectocotylus) densely papillated.
Click on an image to view larger version & data in a new window
Click on an image to view larger version & data in a new window

Figure. Oral-lateral view of hectocotylus of S arcturi, arm I, 106 mm ML, 31° 51'N, 63° 44'W. Lateral view of papillated hectocotylus skin, same specimen. Drawing of  papillation is from region indicated by arrow on drawing of hectocotylus above. Drawings from Voss et al. (1998).

Comments

The above information is from Voss (1969) and Voss, et al . (1998).

References

Voss, N.A. 1969. A Monograph of the Cephalopoda of the North Atlantic. The Family Histioteuthidae. Bulletin of Marine Science, 19(4):713-867.

Voss, N.A., K. N. Nesis, P. G. Rodhouse. 1998.? The cephalopod family Histioteuthidae (Oegopsida): Systematics, biology, and biogeography. In: Systematics and Biogeography of Cephalopods. (Voss, N.A., Vecchione, M., Toll, R.B. & Sweeney, M.J., eds.). Smiths. Contr. Zool., 586(2): 293-372.

About This Page


University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA


National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D. C. , USA

Page: Tree of Life Stigmatoteuthis arcturi: Description continued Authored by Richard E. Young and Michael Vecchione. The TEXT of this page is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License - Version 3.0. Note that images and other media featured on this page are each governed by their own license, and they may or may not be available for reuse. Click on an image or a media link to access the media data window, which provides the relevant licensing information. For the general terms and conditions of ToL material reuse and redistribution, please see the Tree of Life Copyright Policies.

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