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Suboscines

John Harshman
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taxon links [up-->]Eurylaimides [up-->]Furnarii [up-->]Tyranni [down<--]Passeriformes Interpreting the tree
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This tree diagram shows the relationships between several groups of organisms.

The root of the current tree connects the organisms featured in this tree to their containing group and the rest of the Tree of Life. The basal branching point in the tree represents the ancestor of the other groups in the tree. This ancestor diversified over time into several descendent subgroups, which are represented as internal nodes and terminal taxa to the right.

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You can click on the root to travel down the Tree of Life all the way to the root of all Life, and you can click on the names of descendent subgroups to travel up the Tree of Life all the way to individual species.

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Containing group: Passeriformes

Discussion of Phylogenetic Relationships

Suboscines are divided geographically into New World and Old World clades, Tyrannides and Eurylaimides (Sibley and Ahlquist 1990; Irestedt et al. 2001; Barker et al. 2002, 2004; Chesser 2004; Beresford et al. 2005). The geographic separation is not quite perfect: there is one species of Eurylaimides in the New World, Sapayoa aenigma. New World suboscines can be divided into two clades, Tyranni and Furnarii (Lovette and Bermingham 2000; Irestedt et al. 2001; Barker et al. 2002, 2004; Chesser 2004; note that Sibley and Ahlquist 1990 gave the name Tyranni to a different group).

References

Barker, F. K., G. F. Barrowclough, and J. G. Groth. 2002. A phylogenetic hypothesis for passerine birds; Taxonomic and biogeographic implications of an analysis of nuclear DNA sequence data. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B 269:295-308.

Barker, F. K., A. Cibois, P. Schikler, J. Feinstein, and J. Cracraft. 2004. Phylogeny and diversification of the largest avian radiation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 101:11040-11045.

Beresford, P., F. K. Barker, P. G. Ryan, and T. M. Crowe. 2005. African endemics span the tree of songbirds (Passeri): Molecular systematics of several evolutionary "enigmas". Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B 272:849-858.

Chesser, R. T. 2004. Molecular systematics of New World suboscine birds. Mol. Phylogen. Evol. 32:11-24.

del Hoyo, J., A. Elliott, and D. A. Christie, eds. 2003. Handbook of the Birds of the World. Vol. 8. Broadbills to Tapaculos. BirdLife International and Lynx Editions, Cambridge, UK and Barcelona.

Harshman, J. 2007. Classification and phylogeny of birds. Pages 1-35 in Reproductive biology and phylogeny of birds (B. G. M. Jamieson, ed.). Science Publishers, Inc., Enfield, NH.

Irestedt, M., J. Fjeldsa, U. S. Johansson, and P. G. P. Ericson. 2002. Systematic relationships and biogeography of the tracheophone suboscines (Aves : Passeriformes). Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 23:499-512.

Irestedt, M., U. S. Johansson, T. J. Parsons, and P. G. P. Ericson. 2001. Phylogeny of major lineages of suboscines (Passeriformes) analysed by nuclear DNA sequence data. J. Avian Biol. 32:15-25.

Johansson, U. S., M. Irestedt, T. J. Parsons, and P. G. P. Ericson. 2002. Basal phylogeny of the Tyrannoidea based on comparisons of cytochrome b and exons of nuclear c-myc and RAG-1 genes. Auk 119:984-995.

Lanyon, S.M. 1985. Molecular perspective on higher-level relationships in the Tyrannoidea (Aves). Systematic Zoology 34:404–18.

Lovette, I. J., and E. Bermingham. 2000. c-mos variation in songbirds: Molecular evolution, phylogenetic implications, and comparisons with mitochondrial differentiation. Mol. Biol. Evol. 17:1569-1577.

Ridgely, R. S. and G. Tudor. 1994. The Birds of South America. Volume 2. The Suboscine Passerines. University of Texas, Austin.

Sibley, C. G., and J. A. Ahlquist. 1990. Phylogeny and classification of birds, Yale U. Press, New Haven.

Title Illustrations
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Scientific Name Biatas nigropectus
Location Intervales, São Paulo, Brazil
Specimen Condition Live Specimen
Sex Female
Source White-bearded Antshrike (Biatus nigropectus)
Copyright © 2004 Arthur Grosset
Scientific Name Pyrocephalus rubinus
Location Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
Specimen Condition Live Specimen
Source Pyrocephalus rubinus.
Source Collection Flickr
Image Use creative commons This media file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License - Version 2.0.
Copyright © 2007 Pablo Lèautaud
Scientific Name Psarisomus dalhousiae
Location captive at Wuppertal Zoo
Specimen Condition Live Specimen
Source Zoow_0022
Source Collection Flickr
Image Use creative commons This media file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License - Version 2.0.
Copyright © 2007 Nils Schulte-Hunsbeck
About This Page


Correspondence regarding this page should be directed to John Harshman at

Page: Tree of Life Suboscines. Authored by John Harshman. The TEXT of this page is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License - Version 3.0. Note that images and other media featured on this page are each governed by their own license, and they may or may not be available for reuse. Click on an image or a media link to access the media data window, which provides the relevant licensing information. For the general terms and conditions of ToL material reuse and redistribution, please see the Tree of Life Copyright Policies.

Citing this page:

Harshman, John. 2007. Suboscines. Version 18 September 2007 (under construction). http://tolweb.org/Suboscines/26445/2007.09.18 in The Tree of Life Web Project, http://tolweb.org/

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This page is a Tree of Life Branch Page.

Each ToL branch page provides a synopsis of the characteristics of a group of organisms representing a branch of the Tree of Life. The major distinction between a branch and a leaf of the Tree of Life is that each branch can be further subdivided into descendent branches, that is, subgroups representing distinct genetic lineages.

For a more detailed explanation of the different ToL page types, have a look at the Structure of the Tree of Life page.

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Suboscines

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