Oh my goodness! Unless you are a Tree of Life developer, you really shouldn't be here. This page is part of our beta test site, where we develop new features for the ToL, often messing up a thing or two in the process. Please visit the official version of this page, which is available here.

Temporary Page

Relationships after Thollesson and Norenburg 2003.

Containing group: Bilateria

Other Names for Nemertea

• nemertines
• Nemertinea
• Nemertini
• Ribbon Worms

References

Envall, M. 1998. General problems in estimating nemertean relationships on ribosomal sequence data - an example using six monostiliferous species and mitochondrial 16S rDNA. Hydrobiologia 365:19-31.

Gibson, R. 1994. Nemerteans. Synopses of the British Fauna [New Series] No. 24, 2nd edition. Field Studies Council, Shrewsbury, UK, 224 pp.

Gibson, R. 1995. Nemertean genera and species of the world. An annotated checklist of original names and description citations, synonyms, current taxonomic status, habitats and recorded zoogeographic distribution. Journal of Natural History 29:271-562.

Härlin, M. 1998. Tree-thinking and nemertean systematics, with a systematization of the Eureptantia. Hydrobiologia 365:33-46.

Maslakova, S. A. and J. L. Norenburg. 2001. Phylogenetic study of pelagic nemerteans (Pelagica, Polystilifera). Hydrobiologia 456:111-132.

Moore, J. and R. Gibson. 1985. The evolution and comparative physiology of terrestrial and freshwater nemerteans. Biological Reviews 60:257–312.

Roe, P. and J. L. Norenburg. 2001. Morphology and taxonomic distribution of a newly discovered feature, postero-lateral glands, in pelagic nemerteans. Hydrobiologia 456:133-144.

Schwartz, M. L. and J. L. Norenburg. 2001. Can we infer heteronemertean phylogeny from available morphological data? Hydrobiologia 456:165-174.

Stricker, S. A., T. L. Smythe, L. Miller, and J. L. Norenburg. 2001. Comparative biology of oogenesis in nemertean worms. Acta Zoologica 82(3):213-230.

Sundberg, P. and R. Hylbom. 1994. Phylogeny of the nemertean subclass Palaeonemertea (Anopla, Nemertea). Cladistics 10:347-402.

Sundberg, P. and M. Svensson. 1994. Homoplasy, character function, and nemertean systematics. Journal of Zoology 234:253-263.

Sundberg, P., J. M. Turbeville, and S. Lindh. 2001. Phylogenetic relationships among higher nemertean (Nemertea) taxa inferred from 18S rDNA sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 20:327-334.

Thollesson, M. and J. L. Norenburg. 2003. Ribbon worm relationships: a phylogeny of the phylum Nemertea. Journal of the Royal Society of London B 270:407-415.

Turbeville, J. M. 1991. Nemertea. Pages 285-328 in: Microscopic Anatomy of Invertebrates. F. W. Harrison and B. J. Bogitsch, eds. Wiley-Liss, New York.

Turbeville, J. M., K. G. Field, and R. A. Raff. 1992. Phylogenetic position of phylum Nemertini, inferred from 18s rRNA sequences: Molecular data as a test of morphological character homology. Molecular Biology and Evolution 9:235-249.

Information on the Internet

• Nemertes, your web resource for Nemertean research. Jon Norenburg and Frank Crandall.
• Introduction to the Nemertini. Tied up in knots. . .. UCMP Berkeley.