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neotropical Actinote clade

Andrew V. Z. Brower
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taxon links [up-->]Altinote dicaeus Not MonophyleticNot MonophyleticPhylogenetic position of group is uncertainPhylogenetic position of group is uncertainPhylogenetic position of group is uncertainPhylogenetic position of group is uncertainPhylogenetic position of group is uncertainPhylogenetic position of group is uncertainPhylogenetic position of group is uncertainPhylogenetic position of group is uncertainPhylogenetic position of group is uncertainPhylogenetic position of group is uncertainPhylogenetic position of group is uncertainPhylogenetic position of group is uncertainPhylogenetic position of group is uncertainPhylogenetic position of group is uncertainPhylogenetic position of group is uncertain[down<--]Actinote Interpreting the tree
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Containing group: Actinote

Introduction

This clade contains all neotropical representatives of the Acraeini. However, as noted on the Actinote page, the genera or subgenera Abananote and Altinote are nested inside Actinote, and neither of them appears as monophyletic in the cladogram of Silva-Brandão et al. (2008).

Members of Actinote are chemically defended and serve as models in a variety of mimicry complexes.

Discussion of Phylogenetic Relationships

Phylogenetic relationships as implied by the cladogram of Silva-Brandão et al. (2008), based on DNA sequences. The taxa with question marks were not included in their analysis, and so are listed as incertae sedis. Three recently described species, Actinote ballettae, Actinote romeroi and Actinote alberti, are in their putative positions as implied by the descriptions in Neild (2008).

Other Names for neotropical Actinote clade

References

Lamas G ed. 2004. Checklist: Part 4A Hesperioidea - Papiionoidea. Gainesville: Scientific Publishers/Association of Tropical Lepidoptera.

Neild, A. F. E. 2008 The Butterflies of Venezuela. Part 2: Nymphalidae II (Acraeinae, Libytheinae, NYmphalinae, Ithomiinae, Morphinae). London: Meridian Publications.

Pierre, J. 1987 Systématique cladistique chez les Acraea (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae). Annls. Soc. Ent. Fr. (N. S.) 23, 11-27.

Silva-Brandao, K. L., Wahlberg, N., Francini, R. B., Azeredo-Espin, A. M. L., Brown, K. S. J., Paluch, M., Lees, D. C. & Freitas, A. V. L. 2008 Phylogenetic relationships of butterflies of the tribe Acraeini (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Heliconiinae) and the evolution of host plant use. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 46, 515-531.

Title Illustrations
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Scientific Name Abananote abana
Location Peru
Specimen Condition Live Specimen
Source Abana Actinote
Source Collection Neotropical Butterflies
Copyright © 2005 Kim Garwood
Scientific Name Abananote erinome
Location Peru
Specimen Condition Live Specimen
Source Erinome Actinote
Source Collection Neotropical Butterflies
Copyright © 2005 Priscilla Brodkin
Scientific Name Altinote neleus
Location Cocoma Antiqua, Colombia
Comments a sexually dimorphic species
Specimen Condition Live Specimen
Identified By Juan Guillermo
Sex Female
Life Cycle Stage adult
View dorsal
Source Neleus Altinote (Altinote neleus)
Source Collection Neotropical Butterflies
Copyright © 2006 Juan Guillermo
About This Page


Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, Tennessee, USA

Correspondence regarding this page should be directed to Andrew V. Z. Brower at

Page: Tree of Life neotropical Actinote clade. Authored by Andrew V. Z. Brower. The TEXT of this page is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License - Version 3.0. Note that images and other media featured on this page are each governed by their own license, and they may or may not be available for reuse. Click on an image or a media link to access the media data window, which provides the relevant licensing information. For the general terms and conditions of ToL material reuse and redistribution, please see the Tree of Life Copyright Policies.

Citing this page:

Brower, Andrew V. Z. 2011. neotropical Actinote clade. Version 24 July 2011 (under construction). http://tolweb.org/neotropical_Actinote_clade/118461/2011.07.24 in The Tree of Life Web Project, http://tolweb.org/

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